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Fla. L. Weekly D2199aTop of Form
Fla. L. Weekly D2199aTop of Form
Attorney’s
fees — Appellate — Multiplier — Law of the case — Where appellate court
affirmed trial court’s award of attorney’s fees including a contingency fee
multiplier for trial court services, granted motion for appellate attorney’s
fees, and remanded to trial court for determination of amount of appellate fees,
trial court was not bound by law of the case to award a multiplier when
determining amount of appellate fees
fees — Appellate — Multiplier — Law of the case — Where appellate court
affirmed trial court’s award of attorney’s fees including a contingency fee
multiplier for trial court services, granted motion for appellate attorney’s
fees, and remanded to trial court for determination of amount of appellate fees,
trial court was not bound by law of the case to award a multiplier when
determining amount of appellate fees
TRG Columbus Development Venture,
LTD, Appellant, vs. LUIS SIFONTES, Appellee. 3rd District. Case No. 3D16-2323.
L.T. Case No. 08-29374. Opinion filed October 18, 2017. An Appeal from the
Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, William Thomas, Judge. Counsel: Greenberg
Traurig, P.A., and Elliot H. Scherker, Brigid F. Cech Samole, and Katherine M.
Clemente, for appellant. Vila, Padron & Diaz, P.A., and Kara D. Phinney,
for appellee.
LTD, Appellant, vs. LUIS SIFONTES, Appellee. 3rd District. Case No. 3D16-2323.
L.T. Case No. 08-29374. Opinion filed October 18, 2017. An Appeal from the
Circuit Court for Miami-Dade County, William Thomas, Judge. Counsel: Greenberg
Traurig, P.A., and Elliot H. Scherker, Brigid F. Cech Samole, and Katherine M.
Clemente, for appellant. Vila, Padron & Diaz, P.A., and Kara D. Phinney,
for appellee.
(Before SUAREZ, EMAS, and LOGUE,
JJ.)
JJ.)
(LOGUE, J.) TRG Columbus Development
Venture, LTD, appeals a second final judgment awarding appellate attorney’s
fees and costs to Luis Sifontes. Because the trial court incorrectly concluded
it was bound by the law of the case, we reverse the award of a multiplier. We
affirm all remaining portions of the judgment without further comment.
Venture, LTD, appeals a second final judgment awarding appellate attorney’s
fees and costs to Luis Sifontes. Because the trial court incorrectly concluded
it was bound by the law of the case, we reverse the award of a multiplier. We
affirm all remaining portions of the judgment without further comment.
Sifontes previously prevailed in a
breach of contract action against TRG. This court affirmed the final judgment. TRG
Columbus Dev. Venture, LTD, LLC v. Sifontes, 138 So. 3d 458 (Fla. 3d DCA
2014) (table decision). The trial court awarded attorney’s fees to Sifontes
based on the underlying breach of contract action and subsequent appeal. TRG
then appealed that award of fees, and in a written opinion this court affirmed,
concluding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in determining the
reasonable hourly rate and awarding a contingency fee multiplier of 2.0 for
trial fees. TRG Columbus Dev. Venture, LTD. v. Sifontes, 163 So. 3d 548
(Fla. 3d DCA 2015) (Sifontes II). This court then granted Sifontes’
motion for appellate attorney’s fees based on a prevailing party provision in
the underlying contract, and we remanded to the trial court for determination
of amount.
breach of contract action against TRG. This court affirmed the final judgment. TRG
Columbus Dev. Venture, LTD, LLC v. Sifontes, 138 So. 3d 458 (Fla. 3d DCA
2014) (table decision). The trial court awarded attorney’s fees to Sifontes
based on the underlying breach of contract action and subsequent appeal. TRG
then appealed that award of fees, and in a written opinion this court affirmed,
concluding that the trial court did not abuse its discretion in determining the
reasonable hourly rate and awarding a contingency fee multiplier of 2.0 for
trial fees. TRG Columbus Dev. Venture, LTD. v. Sifontes, 163 So. 3d 548
(Fla. 3d DCA 2015) (Sifontes II). This court then granted Sifontes’
motion for appellate attorney’s fees based on a prevailing party provision in
the underlying contract, and we remanded to the trial court for determination
of amount.
Following a September 2016 hearing
on fees, the trial court entered the final judgment at issue in this appeal.
The trial court awarded Sifontes a total of $234,210.28 in appellate attorney’s
fees. It found that 230.5 hours billed were compensable at an hourly rate of
$450. Concluding that a multiplier was law of the case based on this court’s
prior decision in Sifontes II, the trial court applied a multiplier of
2.0 to the lodestar of $103,725. We reverse the application of the multiplier.
on fees, the trial court entered the final judgment at issue in this appeal.
The trial court awarded Sifontes a total of $234,210.28 in appellate attorney’s
fees. It found that 230.5 hours billed were compensable at an hourly rate of
$450. Concluding that a multiplier was law of the case based on this court’s
prior decision in Sifontes II, the trial court applied a multiplier of
2.0 to the lodestar of $103,725. We reverse the application of the multiplier.
As this court has recognized, “[t]he
application of a multiplier is the exception, not the rule” and the “strong
presumption” that the lodestar figure is reasonable is overcome only in
exceptional and rare circumstances. State Farm Fla. Ins. Co. v. Alvarez,
175 So. 3d 352, 357-58 (Fla. 3d DCA 2015). In order for a trial court to award
a contingency fee multiplier, it must consider the following three factors:
application of a multiplier is the exception, not the rule” and the “strong
presumption” that the lodestar figure is reasonable is overcome only in
exceptional and rare circumstances. State Farm Fla. Ins. Co. v. Alvarez,
175 So. 3d 352, 357-58 (Fla. 3d DCA 2015). In order for a trial court to award
a contingency fee multiplier, it must consider the following three factors:
(1)
whether the relevant market requires a contingency fee multiplier to obtain
competent counsel;
whether the relevant market requires a contingency fee multiplier to obtain
competent counsel;
(2)
whether the attorney was able to mitigate the risk of nonpayment in any way;
and
whether the attorney was able to mitigate the risk of nonpayment in any way;
and
(3)
whether any of the factors set forth in [Fla. Patient’s Comp. Fund v.]
Rowe[, 472 So. 2d 1145 (Fla. 1985)] are applicable, especially, the amount
involved, the results obtained, and the type of fee arrangement between the
attorney and his client.
whether any of the factors set forth in [Fla. Patient’s Comp. Fund v.]
Rowe[, 472 So. 2d 1145 (Fla. 1985)] are applicable, especially, the amount
involved, the results obtained, and the type of fee arrangement between the
attorney and his client.
Standard Guar. Ins. Co. v. Quanstrom, 555 So. 2d 828, 834 (Fla. 1990).
Here, the trial court acknowledged
that it did not conduct any inquiry as to the Quanstrom factors.
Instead, it concluded — based on the reasoning of Stack v. Lewis, 641
So. 2d 969 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994) and Board of Trustees of the Jacksonville
Police & Fire Fund v. Kicklighter, 122 So. 3d 510 (Fla. 1st DCA 2013)
— that it was bound by law of the case to apply the multiplier that was
previously applied to the litigation on the merits and affirmed by this court
in Sifontes II.
that it did not conduct any inquiry as to the Quanstrom factors.
Instead, it concluded — based on the reasoning of Stack v. Lewis, 641
So. 2d 969 (Fla. 1st DCA 1994) and Board of Trustees of the Jacksonville
Police & Fire Fund v. Kicklighter, 122 So. 3d 510 (Fla. 1st DCA 2013)
— that it was bound by law of the case to apply the multiplier that was
previously applied to the litigation on the merits and affirmed by this court
in Sifontes II.
In Stack, the First District
affirmed a multiplier for both appellate fees and trial fees, concluding that
“there is no reason to treat the appellate hours differently from the trial
hours.” 641 So. 2d at 970. And in Kicklighter, the First District relied
on Stack to affirm a multiplier for appellate fees, noting, “when a
trial court makes the determination as to the appropriateness of a fee
multiplier, that same determination applies to the appellate fees expended by
the same counsel in litigating the case on appeal.” 122 So. 3d at 511.
affirmed a multiplier for both appellate fees and trial fees, concluding that
“there is no reason to treat the appellate hours differently from the trial
hours.” 641 So. 2d at 970. And in Kicklighter, the First District relied
on Stack to affirm a multiplier for appellate fees, noting, “when a
trial court makes the determination as to the appropriateness of a fee
multiplier, that same determination applies to the appellate fees expended by
the same counsel in litigating the case on appeal.” 122 So. 3d at 511.
But Stack and Kicklighter
are inapplicable here. Those cases involved fees earned from direct appeals on
the merits where any litigation over fees was only tangential. The fees at
issue here do not concern an appeal on the merits. Instead, they largely
concern the fees for a separate appeal regarding the extent and amount of
appellate fees after an appellate court already determined entitlement to
appellate attorney’s fees. At this stage, where fees — not merits — are the
only issue, and after the basic entitlement to fees has already been awarded by
a prior appellate decision, there is in fact “reason to treat the appellate
hours differently from the trial hours.” See Stack, 641 So. 2d at
970. Absent evidence of the applicability of the Quanstrom factors, the
presumption that the novelty, difficulty, and complexity of a case will be
reflected in the number of hours reasonably spent on the litigation returns to
govern the dispute. Alvarez, 175 So. 3d at 357-58.
are inapplicable here. Those cases involved fees earned from direct appeals on
the merits where any litigation over fees was only tangential. The fees at
issue here do not concern an appeal on the merits. Instead, they largely
concern the fees for a separate appeal regarding the extent and amount of
appellate fees after an appellate court already determined entitlement to
appellate attorney’s fees. At this stage, where fees — not merits — are the
only issue, and after the basic entitlement to fees has already been awarded by
a prior appellate decision, there is in fact “reason to treat the appellate
hours differently from the trial hours.” See Stack, 641 So. 2d at
970. Absent evidence of the applicability of the Quanstrom factors, the
presumption that the novelty, difficulty, and complexity of a case will be
reflected in the number of hours reasonably spent on the litigation returns to
govern the dispute. Alvarez, 175 So. 3d at 357-58.
Accordingly, because the trial court
incorrectly concluded it was bound by the law of the case, we reverse the award
of a multiplier without prejudice to the court awarding a multiplier in the
event it properly finds the Quanstrom factors are met after the
appropriate hearing. We remand for further proceedings consistent with this
opinion.
incorrectly concluded it was bound by the law of the case, we reverse the award
of a multiplier without prejudice to the court awarding a multiplier in the
event it properly finds the Quanstrom factors are met after the
appropriate hearing. We remand for further proceedings consistent with this
opinion.
Affirmed in part; reversed in part
and remanded.
and remanded.
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