40 Fla. L. Weekly D2144
Insurance
— Automobile liability — Uninsured motorist — Excess coverage — Priority of
coverage — Accident involving permissive driver of car owned by another,
following which owner’s liability insurer tendered its $100,000 policy limits
to injured party and injured party sought coverage from its UM carrier after
injured party had unsuccessfully sought payment from owner’s excess liability
carrier, which required that owner maintain underlying limits of $250,000 per
person — Trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of UM carrier
on its third-party claim against excess carrier where UM carrier asserted
throughout litigation that excess carrier’s umbrella policy came first after
owner’s liability policy, and that UM policy was last in priority, but trial
court actually held that UM carrier was responsible for $150,000 gap between
limit of owner’s automobile liability policy and the $250,000 threshold at
which excess coverage was triggered — UM carrier could not claim victory on
ground that it requested a generic priority of coverage determination and
received what it requested where the priority determination was, in fact, the
opposite of what UM carrier sought
— Automobile liability — Uninsured motorist — Excess coverage — Priority of
coverage — Accident involving permissive driver of car owned by another,
following which owner’s liability insurer tendered its $100,000 policy limits
to injured party and injured party sought coverage from its UM carrier after
injured party had unsuccessfully sought payment from owner’s excess liability
carrier, which required that owner maintain underlying limits of $250,000 per
person — Trial court erred in granting summary judgment in favor of UM carrier
on its third-party claim against excess carrier where UM carrier asserted
throughout litigation that excess carrier’s umbrella policy came first after
owner’s liability policy, and that UM policy was last in priority, but trial
court actually held that UM carrier was responsible for $150,000 gap between
limit of owner’s automobile liability policy and the $250,000 threshold at
which excess coverage was triggered — UM carrier could not claim victory on
ground that it requested a generic priority of coverage determination and
received what it requested where the priority determination was, in fact, the
opposite of what UM carrier sought
ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellant, v. UNITED SERVICES AUTOMOBILE
ASSOCIATION a/k/a USAA, MELANIE MANZO-PIANELLI and ALANA PROCTOR, Appellees.
4th District. Case No. 4D14-1183. September 16, 2015. Appeal from the Circuit
Court for the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit, Broward County; Michael L. Gates,
Judge; L.T. Case No. 09-57134CACE(12). Counsel: Sharon C. Degnan of Kubicki
Draper, Fort Lauderdale, for appellant. Charles M-P George of Law Offices of
Charles M-P George, Coral Gables, and Christopher Wadsworth and Daniel L.
Margrey of Wadsworth Huott, LLP, Miami, for appellee United Services Automobile
Association a/k/a USAA.
ASSOCIATION a/k/a USAA, MELANIE MANZO-PIANELLI and ALANA PROCTOR, Appellees.
4th District. Case No. 4D14-1183. September 16, 2015. Appeal from the Circuit
Court for the Seventeenth Judicial Circuit, Broward County; Michael L. Gates,
Judge; L.T. Case No. 09-57134CACE(12). Counsel: Sharon C. Degnan of Kubicki
Draper, Fort Lauderdale, for appellant. Charles M-P George of Law Offices of
Charles M-P George, Coral Gables, and Christopher Wadsworth and Daniel L.
Margrey of Wadsworth Huott, LLP, Miami, for appellee United Services Automobile
Association a/k/a USAA.
(MAY, J.) Allstate Insurance Company (“Allstate”) appeals a final summary
judgment in favor of United Services Automobile Association (“USAA”) that
determined the priority of coverage between the insurers. Allstate argues the
trial court erred in entering summary judgment for USAA because its pleadings
and motion requested a priority in coverage different than that argued at the
hearing and determined by the trial court. We agree the trial court correctly
determined the priority of coverage, but that did not entitle USAA to a summary
judgment in its favor. We therefore reverse.
judgment in favor of United Services Automobile Association (“USAA”) that
determined the priority of coverage between the insurers. Allstate argues the
trial court erred in entering summary judgment for USAA because its pleadings
and motion requested a priority in coverage different than that argued at the
hearing and determined by the trial court. We agree the trial court correctly
determined the priority of coverage, but that did not entitle USAA to a summary
judgment in its favor. We therefore reverse.
The underlying accident occurred in 2007 when the permissive driver of a
car owned by another was involved in an automobile accident. The car’s owner
had a State Farm insurance policy that provided $100,000 in coverage, and an
Allstate umbrella policy that provided $1,000,000 in coverage and required the
owner to maintain underlying limits of $250,000 per person. USAA provided
uninsured motorist’s (“UM”) coverage to the injured person.
car owned by another was involved in an automobile accident. The car’s owner
had a State Farm insurance policy that provided $100,000 in coverage, and an
Allstate umbrella policy that provided $1,000,000 in coverage and required the
owner to maintain underlying limits of $250,000 per person. USAA provided
uninsured motorist’s (“UM”) coverage to the injured person.
State Farm tendered its $100,000 policy limits to the injured person, who
executed a partial release in favor of the car owner. The injured person then
sought to recover from the car owner’s Allstate umbrella policy. Allstate
denied coverage.
executed a partial release in favor of the car owner. The injured person then
sought to recover from the car owner’s Allstate umbrella policy. Allstate
denied coverage.
As a result, the injured person filed a complaint against her UM insurer,
USAA. This caused USAA to file a third-party complaint against Allstate, the
injured person, and the permissive driver. The complaint sought a declaration
that Allstate’s umbrella policy applied before USAA’s UM policy.1
USAA. This caused USAA to file a third-party complaint against Allstate, the
injured person, and the permissive driver. The complaint sought a declaration
that Allstate’s umbrella policy applied before USAA’s UM policy.1
USAA filed a second amended complaint “to determine the legal rights and
responsibilities of all parties; to determine the priority of coverage; and to
determine any applicable offsets.” USAA alleged that:
responsibilities of all parties; to determine the priority of coverage; and to
determine any applicable offsets.” USAA alleged that:
(1)
Allstate stands in line before USAA’s UM coverage; and
Allstate stands in line before USAA’s UM coverage; and
(2) USAA seeks
a declaration that the priority of coverage should be Allstate first and USAA
last.
a declaration that the priority of coverage should be Allstate first and USAA
last.
Allstate answered and asserted affirmative defenses, moved to dismiss, and
counterclaimed for declaratory relief.2
counterclaimed for declaratory relief.2
USAA moved for summary judgment against Allstate, and argued that
Allstate’s umbrella policy provided coverage before USAA’s UM policy. Allstate
responded that the car owner’s failure to carry the required $250,000 limits in
underlying coverage created a $150,000 gap in liability coverage, and that gap
was uninsured, thereby triggering USAA’s UM policy.3 Allstate asked the court to deny USAA’s motion
for summary judgment.
Allstate’s umbrella policy provided coverage before USAA’s UM policy. Allstate
responded that the car owner’s failure to carry the required $250,000 limits in
underlying coverage created a $150,000 gap in liability coverage, and that gap
was uninsured, thereby triggering USAA’s UM policy.3 Allstate asked the court to deny USAA’s motion
for summary judgment.
Notwithstanding its consistent position throughout the litigation that
Allstate’s policy applied before USAA’s policy, USAA admitted at the summary
judgment hearing that its policy provided coverage for the $150,000 gap before
Allstate’s umbrella policy kicked in:
Allstate’s policy applied before USAA’s policy, USAA admitted at the summary
judgment hearing that its policy provided coverage for the $150,000 gap before
Allstate’s umbrella policy kicked in:
[W]e believe that State Farm, who was the underlying
tortfeasor’s auto policy, is the first hundred thousand dollars. Thereafter,
there’s a gap in coverage from that $100,000 up to $250,000. We believe that
the UM carrier, which is USAA, bridges that gap because there is no other
available coverage. Doesn’t exist. After $250,000, Allstate’s umbrella policy
kicks in.
tortfeasor’s auto policy, is the first hundred thousand dollars. Thereafter,
there’s a gap in coverage from that $100,000 up to $250,000. We believe that
the UM carrier, which is USAA, bridges that gap because there is no other
available coverage. Doesn’t exist. After $250,000, Allstate’s umbrella policy
kicks in.
USAA then argued that the priority dispute arose only after USAA bridged
the $150,000 gap.
the $150,000 gap.
Not surprisingly, Allstate agreed with USAA’s position at the hearing, but
maintained that USAA had changed its position on priority from the relief
sought in its complaint and in its motion for summary judgment. Allstate was
happy the parties agreed on priority, but asked the court to deny the summary
judgment motion because it had requested relief that was diametrically opposed
to the position USAA now took at the hearing:
maintained that USAA had changed its position on priority from the relief
sought in its complaint and in its motion for summary judgment. Allstate was
happy the parties agreed on priority, but asked the court to deny the summary
judgment motion because it had requested relief that was diametrically opposed
to the position USAA now took at the hearing:
[W]hen you rule on a summary judgment motion and you
enter a judgment, it’s based on the pleadings and the motions as filed. . . .
So, in light of that fact, there is no question that what they’re asking for in
their declaration, the priority of coverage finding that they’re asking in
their pleading and their motion, they’re not entitled to. So, I also have a
proposed order that I can hand to the Court.
enter a judgment, it’s based on the pleadings and the motions as filed. . . .
So, in light of that fact, there is no question that what they’re asking for in
their declaration, the priority of coverage finding that they’re asking in
their pleading and their motion, they’re not entitled to. So, I also have a
proposed order that I can hand to the Court.
Both parties submitted their proposed orders. The court
later entered an order granting USAA’s summary judgment motion, making the
following findings on the priority of insurance coverage:
later entered an order granting USAA’s summary judgment motion, making the
following findings on the priority of insurance coverage:
1) State Farm – $00.00 to $100,000.00
2) USAA –
$100,000.01 to $249,999.99
$100,000.01 to $249,999.99
3) Allstate –
$250,000 to $1,250,000.00
$250,000 to $1,250,000.00
4) USAA –
Remainder Policy UM
Remainder Policy UM
From this summary judgment, Allstate now appeals.
We have de novo review. Volusia Cnty. v. Aberdeen at Ormond Beach, L.P.,
760 So. 2d 126, 130 (Fla. 2000).
760 So. 2d 126, 130 (Fla. 2000).
Allstate argues the trial court erred in granting summary judgment for
USAA, thereby effectively making USAA the prevailing party, when the judgment
was adverse to USAA’s allegations and its motion for summary judgment. USAA had
requested a declaration that Allstate’s umbrella policy stood in line before
USAA’s UM policy, but the court determined that USAA’s policy stood in line
before Allstate’s policy. It could not therefore be the prevailing party.
USAA, thereby effectively making USAA the prevailing party, when the judgment
was adverse to USAA’s allegations and its motion for summary judgment. USAA had
requested a declaration that Allstate’s umbrella policy stood in line before
USAA’s UM policy, but the court determined that USAA’s policy stood in line
before Allstate’s policy. It could not therefore be the prevailing party.
USAA responds that the significant issue here was the priority of the
insurance policies. USAA claims it requested a generic priority determination
and prevailed on the issue when it received a declaration prioritizing the
policies. Allstate replies that USAA inaccurately describes the relief it
sought. The court’s priority determination was exactly the opposite of that
which USAA sought.
insurance policies. USAA claims it requested a generic priority determination
and prevailed on the issue when it received a declaration prioritizing the
policies. Allstate replies that USAA inaccurately describes the relief it
sought. The court’s priority determination was exactly the opposite of that
which USAA sought.
The issue is whether a party can claim victory when it receives exactly
the opposite relief than it requested. The answer is no. See, e.g., Village
of Kings Creek Condo. Ass’n v. Goldberg, 596 So. 2d 1195, 1196 (Fla. 3d DCA
1992).
the opposite relief than it requested. The answer is no. See, e.g., Village
of Kings Creek Condo. Ass’n v. Goldberg, 596 So. 2d 1195, 1196 (Fla. 3d DCA
1992).
Throughout the third-party litigation, USAA asserted that Allstate’s
umbrella policy came first after the State Farm policy, and USAA’s UM policy
came after Allstate. Not once in its pleadings or motion did USAA argue it was
responsible for covering the $150,000 gap in coverage between the State Farm
and Allstate umbrella policy. See VonDrasek v. City of St. Petersburg,
777 So. 2d 989, 991 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (“Pleadings are intended, in part, to
disclose each party’s respective position on the legal issues involved in the
lawsuit.”). The court did not grant USAA the relief it requested; USAA could
not be the prevailing party. Granoff v. Seidle, 915 So. 2d 674, 677
(Fla. 5th DCA 2005).
umbrella policy came first after the State Farm policy, and USAA’s UM policy
came after Allstate. Not once in its pleadings or motion did USAA argue it was
responsible for covering the $150,000 gap in coverage between the State Farm
and Allstate umbrella policy. See VonDrasek v. City of St. Petersburg,
777 So. 2d 989, 991 (Fla. 2d DCA 2000) (“Pleadings are intended, in part, to
disclose each party’s respective position on the legal issues involved in the
lawsuit.”). The court did not grant USAA the relief it requested; USAA could
not be the prevailing party. Granoff v. Seidle, 915 So. 2d 674, 677
(Fla. 5th DCA 2005).
Because USAA did not meet its burden of proving it was entitled to the
relief requested as a matter of law, the trial court erred in entering summary
judgment for USAA. See Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.510(c); see also Bryson v.
Branch Banking & Trust Co., 75 So. 3d 783, 785 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011). We
therefore reverse the summary judgment and remand the case for proceedings
consistent with this opinion.
relief requested as a matter of law, the trial court erred in entering summary
judgment for USAA. See Fla. R. Civ. P. 1.510(c); see also Bryson v.
Branch Banking & Trust Co., 75 So. 3d 783, 785 (Fla. 2d DCA 2011). We
therefore reverse the summary judgment and remand the case for proceedings
consistent with this opinion.
Reversed and Remanded. (KLINGENSMITH, J., and ROBY,
WILLIAM L., Associate Judge, concur.)
WILLIAM L., Associate Judge, concur.)
__________________
1In July 2012, the injured person amended her complaint to add a cause of
action against the permissive driver, but no one sued the car’s owner.
action against the permissive driver, but no one sued the car’s owner.
2During the third-party complaint litigation, USAA moved for attorney’s
fees and costs as a sanction, pursuant to section 57.105, Florida Statutes
(2014).
fees and costs as a sanction, pursuant to section 57.105, Florida Statutes
(2014).
3Allstate also argued that it did not have
coverage under its umbrella policy because neither the car’s owner nor his
estate was ever named in the action.
coverage under its umbrella policy because neither the car’s owner nor his
estate was ever named in the action.
* * *